Leçon11: Expressions pour résumer une idée.
All in all : Cette expression est utilisée pour signifier "en tout et pour tout", "globalement", dans "l'ensemble"
- Altough the company has had its problem over the last twelve months, all in all it has been a successful year.
- Weighing up all the importing factors and allowing for the thing which might go wrong, all in all we think we should go ahead with the idea.
in brief (in short, in a word): Cette expression correspond à quelques nances près à l'expression français "EN BREF":elle peut également être utiliser pour "en un mot".
- As we have seen, the facts are complex but, in brief, they can lead to only one conclusion..
- I'll give you all the details late but, in brief, the position is that we need to raise money fast .
in effect (in practice) : "Au fait", "en réalité", "au vrai sens du terme", "ce qu'il faut retenir est que" rendent bien en français cette expression. Vous l'utiliserez, en effet, pour tirer une conclusion, faire une synthèse ou mettre en exergue l'aboutissement ou le résultat d'un processus:
- With respect, alltough you've been speaking for twenty minutes , in effect, you've told us nothing as yet.
- The change in the law, aimed at reducing unemployement, will in effect also increase public spendings.
- The company's extravagant claims about the quality of it's products in effect fell short of the truth.
that is (to say): en un mot, autrement dit . Quelques exemples.
- Separation has a wind effect on passion : that is, a weak flame will go dead but a fire will switch to all systems go;.
- Our development policies are going nowhere fast: that is, they're forging ahead but they're not not breaking any new ground.
the long and the short of it: Cette expression, purement et simplement sortie du génie anglo-saxon, se rendra en français par "en definitive", "tout se résume à ce que", "l'essentiel est que". Exemples.
- So, those, in brief are the options open to us. The long and the short of it is that , either way, we need greater production capacity and a more efficient delevery system.
- To give all the details would take too long. Anyway,the long and the short of it is that we have negotiated agreements to re-equip three ower station.
In a nutshell : Pour résumer en quelques mots; en bref. Exemples :
- As we have seen, the company has a number of serious problems. In a nutshell, prompt and effective action must be taken, now, in order to avoid desaster.
- We have weighed up your proposals very carefully. Our decision, in a nutshell, is that we can only proceed on the basis you suggest on condition that you can guaantee no price increases for at least three years.
Cette leçon a été adaptée de Business Idioms International, Christopher Goddard, Phoenix Elt.
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